How to Live in Europe as an American: Guide to European Residency

Thinking of starting a new chapter overseas? You’re not alone. If you’re wondering how to live in Europe as an American, thousands are exploring the same path—drawn by Europe’s exceptional quality of life, universal healthcare, affordable living, and increasingly accessible residency options, including digital nomad visas.

Whether your goal is to retire in the Mediterranean, work in a thriving European city, or embrace remote living in a charming village, this comprehensive guide walks you through the essentials—from visa processes to selecting the best country for your lifestyle and budget. Let’s chart your smooth, successful move to Europe!!

5 Benefits of Moving From America to Europe

Relocating from the U.S. to Europe opens the door to life-changing benefits—think world-class healthcare, a lower cost of living, robust social support systems, rich cultural diversity, and an overall higher quality of life.

1. Access to Affordable Healthcare

Many European countries offer affordable or publicly funded healthcare services to their residents. Compared to the United States, healthcare costs are generally lower, and health insurance is often mandatory, ensuring broad access to medical care. This makes several European nations attractive destinations for those seeking affordable healthcare and comprehensive coverage.

2. Lower Cost of Living

Many major European cities offer a significantly lower cost of living compared to their American counterparts. In countries like Portugal or across parts of Eastern Europe, everyday expenses—including rent, groceries, and public transportation—are often much more affordable. This can boost your purchasing power and enhance your overall quality of life without sacrificing urban convenience or cultural richness.

3. Simplified Travel Within the EU

Once you hold a residence permit in a Schengen country, you can travel freely across other Schengen states for up to 90 days within any 180-day period. This freedom of movement is a major advantage for digital nomads and American entrepreneurs who wish to explore multiple European destinations without needing separate visas for each country.

4. Better Work-Life Balance

European countries often prioritize work-life balance more than the United States, offering shorter workweeks, generous vacation allowances, and strong social benefits such as parental leave and unemployment support. For American workers living abroad, this can translate into a more balanced and fulfilling lifestyle—provided they are eligible for local employment protections.

5. Rich Culture and History

European countries often place a stronger emphasis on work-life balance than the United States. With shorter workweeks, ample vacation time, and robust social benefits such as parental leave and unemployment support, American professionals can experience a more relaxed and fulfilling lifestyle while living abroad.

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How to Live in Europe as an American: Visa Options Explained

To live in Europe legally as an American, you’ll need the right type of visa. Below are the most common visa options:

Digital Nomad Visas: Digital nomads and remote workers can apply for digital nomad visas in countries like Portugal, Estonia, or Croatia. These typically require proof of remote employment or freelance income, a minimum income threshold, and comprehensive health insurance.

Entrepreneur or Self-Employment Visas: American entrepreneurs and freelancers may qualify for entrepreneur or self-employment visas in several European countries. Germany and France, for instance, offer visa options tailored to business owners and independent professionals, though eligibility criteria vary by country.

Retirement Visas: If you have passive income or sufficient savings, you may be eligible for a retirement visa. Spain’s non-lucrative visa and Italy’s elective residence permit are popular options. These visas require proof of financial independence and health insurance, but they typically do not allow employment.

Student Visas: International students enrolled in degree programs or vocational training can apply for student visas. These permit temporary residence during the study period and may lead to permanent residency if followed by a job offer or further studies.

Work Visas: For those with job opportunities from a European employer, work visas are an option. The type of contract—whether a 9-month contract, fixed-term, or permanent contract—can affect the duration and renewal conditions of your residency permit.

Family Reunification Visas: If your partner is a resident or citizen of a European country, you may apply for family reunification. This applies to dependent partners, registered partners, and unmarried partners, though specific rules vary by country.

Moving to Europe with Residency or Citizenship by Investment Options

Living in Europe as an American doesn’t always mean applying for a work or student visa. Some countries offer a path to live legally through financial investment. These programs are ideal for entrepreneurs, retirees, or those with sufficient funds seeking residency or citizenship in exchange for significant economic contributions.

Residency by Investment

A Residency by Investment visa allows non-EU citizens to obtain a residence permit in a European country by making a qualifying financial investment. This could include buying real estate, funding a national development fund, or starting a foreign company. It typically grants temporary or permanent residency, depending on the country and investment size.

Holders can usually live, work, and access public health services in that country, and in some cases, in the wider Schengen Area. These programs are especially attractive for American entrepreneurs, remote workers, and retirees due to simplified visa requirements, minimal language barriers, and access to affordable healthcare and social services.

Citizenship by Investment

Unlike residency, Citizenship by Investment grants full citizenship rights in exchange for a qualifying financial contribution—without the need to live in the country for several years. It offers a passport, voting rights, and the ability to live and work across the EU.

Malta is the primary EU country that offered a true Citizenship by Investment program until it was recently halted.

Application Process (Step-by-Step)

Consult a Citizenship or Residency Expert: Contact JH Marlin’s immigration lawyers to explore which country and program align with your goals, available funds, and timeline for securing legal residence or citizenship.

Choose Your Target Country and Investment Path: Select a European country and type of qualifying investment—such as property, donation, or business creation—based on your budget, preferred benefits, and desired European residency.

Gather Required Documentation: Prepare essential documents like identity documents, proof of investment funds, criminal record checks, health insurance coverage, and application forms per the national immigration rules of your chosen country.

Submit Your Application Through the Country’s Immigration Portal: File your application with the relevant immigration authorities. Ensure it includes proof of investment, health insurance, and all required identity and residency documentation for your visa type.

Undergo Background Checks and Wait for Approval: Authorities will conduct due diligence, including verifying your source of funds, checking public security concerns, and confirming compliance with all relevant conditions before granting your residence or citizenship.

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Top 3 European Countries for Americans to Move To

Europe offers a variety of lifestyle choices for Americans seeking a better quality of life, affordable healthcare, or career growth. Some countries stand out due to their residency permit accessibility, attractive visa options, and high standard of living. Below are the top three European countries where Americans find the most benefits when relocating from American cities to European cities.

1. Portugal

Portugal is one of the most affordable countries in Western Europe, offering a laid-back lifestyle, mild climate, and stunning coastal cities. Americans are drawn to its D7 passive income visa, digital nomad visas, and residency by investment programs. Portugal is an excellent European destination for retirees, remote workers, and entrepreneurs looking to benefit from generous tax policies and social services.

Benefits of Portugal:

Low Cost of Living and High Quality of Life: Portugal offers a great balance between affordability and comfort, with lower living costs than most Western countries and excellent access to local culture and nature.
Access to Affordable Healthcare and Social Services: Non-EU citizens receive access to Portugal’s robust public healthcare system, and healthcare costs remain low compared to those in the U.S. or other foreign countries.
Favorable Tax Policies for Non-EU Citizens: Portugal’s Non-Habitual Resident (NHR) regime offers tax exemptions or reduced rates on foreign income for up to 10 years may potentially be applicable/re-introduced and are ideal for American entrepreneurs and retirees.

2. Greece

Greece’s Golden Visa program grants residency to non-EU citizens who invest at least €250,000 in property, depending on the area. This opportunity allows Americans to establish a European base, gain long-term security, and enjoy the charm of Greece’s vibrant culture, stunning landscapes, and favorable climate—all while retaining U.S. citizenship.

Benefits of Greece:

Relaxed Mediterranean Lifestyle: Embrace a slower pace of life with strong community values, fresh cuisine, and scenic surroundings.
Family Inclusion in Visa: Extend residency benefits to immediate family members, including spouse, children, and dependent parents.
Rich History and Culture: Live among ancient ruins, historic architecture, and a vibrant arts and culinary scene.

3. Cyprus

Cyprus offers residency by investment to non-EU citizens who invest at least €300,000. This program grants fast-track permanent residency, allowing Americans to live in a safe, English-speaking Mediterranean country with a favorable tax system, excellent infrastructure, and access to both European and Middle Eastern markets.

Benefits of Cyprus:

Fast-Track Permanent Residency: Residency approval typically granted within two months for qualifying investments.
Strategic Location: Easy access to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East for travel and business.
Safe and Family-Friendly: Low crime rates, quality healthcare, and reputable international schools attract families and retirees alike.

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5 Factors to Consider When Choosing a European Country to Move To

Choosing the right European country to relocate to involves more than just picturesque landscapes or pleasant weather. Key factors like visa policies, cost of living, healthcare quality, and language barriers can greatly influence your day-to-day experience—whether you’re retiring, studying, or working remotely as a digital nomad:

Visa Requirements and Types: Each country has its own immigration policies and visa requirements. Make sure you qualify for your chosen type of visa and understand the steps for renewal and residency permit extensions.

Cost of Living: Compare living costs country to country, factoring in rent, food, transportation, and healthcare. While Scandinavian countries offer great social assistance benefits, they can be expensive. In contrast, Eastern Europe may offer more affordable options.

Language Barriers: Language can significantly impact your ability to integrate. Consider whether you’re willing to take language classes or if your native language is commonly spoken. Countries like the Netherlands and Portugal have high English proficiency.

Access to Healthcare: Evaluate the healthcare systems in your target country, including availability of comprehensive health insurance, public security, and whether you qualify for a European Health Insurance Card or must rely on private insurance.

Job Market and Career Path: Think about your job opportunities and whether the country supports foreign workers or company transfers. Some countries make it easier for remote workers, while others favour skilled workers or jobs in shortage areas.

Start a New Life in Europe with the Help of JH Marlin

At JH Marlin, we help you secure citizenship or residency through investment—making your move to a new country seamless and stress-free. With deep expertise in global immigration and investment programs, we guide you every step of the way.

Whether you’re exploring European residency or planning a long-term relocation, you’ll receive personalized support, expert advice, and a fully confidential application process from start to finish.